{"id":83,"date":"2016-02-14T12:29:41","date_gmt":"2016-02-14T11:29:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/?p=83"},"modified":"2021-07-31T13:45:11","modified_gmt":"2021-07-31T12:45:11","slug":"dar-darovania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/dar-darovania\/","title":{"rendered":"Dar darovania"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Montse<\/a><\/p>\n

(preklad \u010dl\u00e1nku rab\u00edna Jonathan-a Sacks-a: The Gift of Giving<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Bol to prv\u00fd sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok Izraelitov, prv\u00fd dom, ktor\u00fd \u017eidia vytvorili pre Boha. Samotn\u00e1 my\u0161lienka je pln\u00e1 paradoxov, a\u017e rozporov. Ako m\u00f4\u017ee niekto postavi\u0165 dom pre Boha? Ten je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u010doko\u013evek, \u010do si vieme predstavi\u0165, nieto e\u0161te, \u010do dok\u00e1\u017eeme postavi\u0165.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1\u013e \u0160alam\u00fan tento bod vyzdvihol, ke\u010f dal postavi\u0165\u00a0in\u00fd pr\u00edbytok\u00a0pre Boha, prv\u00fd chr\u00e1m: \u201eM\u00f4\u017ee v\u00f4bec Boh preb\u00fdva\u0165 na zemi? Ve\u010f samotn\u00e9 nebesia, ba ani najvy\u0161\u0161ie nebo \u0164a nem\u00f4\u017eu obsiahnu\u0165! T\u00fdm menej tento dom, ktor\u00fd som postavil.\u201c (1. kniha kr\u00e1\u013eov 8:27). Takto sa vyjadril aj prorok Izai\u00e1\u0161, v mene samotn\u00e9ho Boha: \u201eTakto hovor\u00ed Hospodin: Nebesia s\u00fa moj\u00edm tr\u00f3nom a zem podno\u017ekou pre moje nohy. Ak\u00fd je to dom, \u010do mi postav\u00edte, a ak\u00e9 miesto mi d\u00e1te na odpo\u010dinok?\u201c (Izai\u00e1\u0161 66:1).<\/p>\n

Nielen\u017ee sa zd\u00e1 nemo\u017en\u00e9 postavi\u0165 dom pre Boha. Nemali by to by\u0165 ani potrebn\u00e9. K Bohu, ktor\u00fd je v\u0161adepr\u00edtomn\u00fd, je pr\u00edstup odkia\u013eko\u013evek, ako v najhlb\u0161ej diere, tak aj na najvy\u0161\u0161ej hore, v mestskom gete, aj v pal\u00e1ci zdobenom mramorom a zlatom.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00e1 odpove\u010f znie, \u017ee Boh ne\u017eije v budov\u00e1ch. \u017dije v \u013eu\u010foch, ktor\u00ed ich vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa. Nie je pr\u00edtomn\u00fd v kameni, ale v \u013eudskom srdci. \u017didovsk\u00ed mudrci a mystici pouk\u00e1zali na to, \u010do v\u00a0tejto \u010dasti T\u00f3ry Boh hovor\u00ed: \u201eNech mi urobia sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok, aby som mohol b\u00fdva\u0165 medzi nimi\u201c (2. kniha Moj\u017ei\u0161ova 25: 8), nie \u201eaby som mohol b\u00fdva\u0165 v\u00a0\u0148om\u201c.<\/p>\n

Pre\u010do teda Boh \u013eu\u010fom prik\u00e1zal, aby v\u00f4bec vytv\u00e1rali sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok? Odpove\u010f v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny koment\u00e1torov, a\u00a0odpove\u010f, ktor\u00fa nazna\u010duje samotn\u00e1 T\u00f3ra, je t\u00e1, \u017ee Boh dal tento pr\u00edkaz \u0161pecificky a\u017e po hriechu zlat\u00e9ho te\u013ea\u0165a.<\/p>\n

\u013dudia si vyrobili te\u013ea potom, \u010do Moj\u017ei\u0161 str\u00e1vil na vrchu \u0161tyridsa\u0165 dn\u00ed, aby dostal T\u00f3ru. K\u00fdm bol Moj\u017ei\u0161 medzi \u013eudom, vedeli, \u017ee komunikoval s Bohom a Boh s n\u00edm, a preto bol Boh pr\u00edstupn\u00fd, bol nabl\u00edzku. Ke\u010f v\u0161ak takmer \u0161es\u0165 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov pr\u00edtomn\u00fd nebol, \u013eudia spanik\u00e1rili. Kto in\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee preklen\u00fa\u0165 priepas\u0165 medzi \u013eu\u010fmi a Bohom? Ako si maj\u00fa vypo\u010du\u0165 Bo\u017eie pokyny? Kto im sprostredkuje kontakt s Bo\u017eou pr\u00edtomnos\u0165ou?<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve preto Boh povedal Moj\u017ei\u0161ovi: \u201eNech mi urobia sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok, aby som mohol b\u00fdva\u0165 medzi nimi.\u201c K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm slovom je tu sloveso so z\u00e1kladom \u0161-ch-n<\/em>, preb\u00fdva\u0165. Toto sloveso nebolo nikdy predt\u00fdm pou\u017eit\u00e9 v spojen\u00ed s Bohom. Nakoniec sa stalo k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm slovom samotn\u00e9ho \u017eidovstva. Vznikli z neho slov\u00e1 Mi\u0161kan<\/em> ozna\u010duj\u00face sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok, a \u0160echina<\/em>, Bo\u017eia pr\u00edtomnos\u0165.<\/p>\n

V jadre v\u00fdznamu tohto slova je my\u0161lienka bl\u00edzkosti.\u00a0\u0160achen<\/em> v hebrej\u010dine znamen\u00e1 sused, ten, kto \u017eije v susedstve. Izraeliti potrebovali – a Boh im dal – sp\u00f4sob, ako by\u0165 Bohu bl\u00edzko tak ako k\u00a0susedovi.<\/p>\n

Tak tomu bolo u\u00a0praotcov a pramatiek. Boh hovoril s Abrah\u00e1mom, Iz\u00e1kom a J\u00e1kobom, S\u00e1rou, Rebekou, R\u00e1chel a\u00a0Leou d\u00f4verne, ako priate\u013e. Abrah\u00e1movi a\u00a0S\u00e1re povedal, \u017ee bud\u00fa ma\u0165 die\u0165a. Rebeke vysvetlil, pre\u010do za\u017e\u00edvala v\u00a0tehotenstve tak\u00fa siln\u00fa boles\u0165. J\u00e1kobovi sa zjavil v k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch momentoch jeho \u017eivota a\u00a0povedal mu, aby sa neb\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Izraeliti to v\u0161ak doposia\u013e\u00a0neza\u017e\u00edvali. Videli, ako Boh sp\u00f4sobuje rany v Egypte. Pred ich o\u010dami\u00a0rozdelil more. Zosielal im mannu z neba a vodu zo skaly. Po\u010duli jeho prikazuj\u00faci hlas na hore Sinaj a zdal sa im takmer neznesite\u013en\u00fd. Obr\u00e1tili sa na\u00a0Moj\u017ei\u0161a: \u201eHovor s\u00a0nami ty a my budeme po\u010d\u00fava\u0165. Nech s nami nehovor\u00ed Boh, aby sme nezomreli.\u201c Boh sa im zjavil ako ve\u013emi siln\u00e1 pr\u00edtomnos\u0165, neodolate\u013en\u00e1 sila, oslepuj\u00faco jasn\u00e9 svetlo, ohlu\u0161uj\u00faco siln\u00fd hlas.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee, aby bol Boh pr\u00edstupn\u00fd, a to nielen \u013eu\u010fom, ktor\u00ed st\u00e1li na po\u010diatku viery \u2013 praotcom a\u00a0pramatk\u00e1m \u2013 ale ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u010dlenovi ve\u013ek\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda, bola v\u00fdzva, takpovediac, aj pre Boha sam\u00e9ho. Musel spravi\u0165 to, \u010do \u017eidovsk\u00ed mystici naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa cimcum, \u201edohodu<\/em>\u201c s\u00e1m so sebou, \u017ee stlm\u00ed vlastn\u00e9 svetlo, st\u00ed\u0161i svoj\u00a0hlas a vlastn\u00fa sl\u00e1vu ukryje v hustom oblaku, a tak umo\u017en\u00ed nekone\u010dnu, aby sa prejavilo v\u00a0rozmeroch kone\u010dn\u00e9ho priestoru.<\/p>\n

To v\u0161ak bola t\u00e1 jednoduch\u0161ia \u010das\u0165. T\u00e1 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 nemala ni\u010d spolo\u010dn\u00e9 s\u00a0Bohom, ale s nami. Ako dok\u00e1\u017eeme poc\u00edti\u0165 pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 Boha? Stojac na \u00fap\u00e4t\u00ed Mount Everestu, alebo pri poh\u013eade na Ve\u013ek\u00fd ka\u0148on to a\u017e tak\u00e9 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 nie je. Nemus\u00edte by\u0165 ve\u013emi, \u010di dokonca ani v\u00f4bec, n\u00e1bo\u017eensky zalo\u017een\u00fd, aby ste c\u00edtili b\u00e1ze\u0148 v pr\u00edtomnosti toho, \u010do je vzne\u0161en\u00e9. Psychol\u00f3g Abraham Maslow, ktor\u00e9ho som tu spom\u00ednal pred nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ami, hovoril o \u201evrcholn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitkoch\u201c, a\u00a0vn\u00edmal ich ako jadro duchovn\u00e9ho stretnutia.<\/p>\n

Ako v\u0161ak c\u00edti\u0165 pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 Boha uprostred ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho \u017eivota?\u00a0 Nie z vrcholu hory Sinaj , ale z\u00a0roviny pod \u0148ou? Nie vtedy, ke\u010f ju obklopuj\u00fa hromy a\u00a0blesky, ako tomu bolo v\u00a0\u010dase ve\u013ek\u00e9ho zjavenia, ale vo v\u0161edn\u00fd de\u0148?<\/p>\n

To je prevratn\u00e9 tajomstvo \u010dasti T\u00f3ry s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom Teruma. Znamen\u00e1 to \u201epr\u00edspevok\u201c. Boh povedal Moj\u017ei\u0161ovi: \u201ePovedz Izraelitom, aby vybrali pre m\u0148a pr\u00edspevok. Prijmite ho od ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kto mi ho chce da\u0165 dobrovo\u013ene.\u201c (2. kniha Moj\u017ei\u0161ova 25:2). Najlep\u0161\u00ed sp\u00f4sob, ako sa stretn\u00fa\u0165 s Bohom je venova\u0165 dar.<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00fd akt d\u00e1vania vypl\u00fdva z\u00a0pochopenia (a tie\u017e vedie k pochopeniu), \u017ee to, \u010do d\u00e1vame, je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou toho, \u010do sme\u00a0sami\u00a0dostali. Je to sp\u00f4sob vzdania v\u010faky, \u010din vyjadrenia v\u010fa\u010dnosti. V\u00a0\u013eudskej mysli pr\u00e1ve v\u00a0tom spo\u010d\u00edva rozdiel medzi pr\u00edtomnos\u0165ou Boha a\u00a0jeho nepr\u00edtomnos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n

Ak je Boh pr\u00edtomn\u00fd, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee to, \u010do m\u00e1me, je jeho. On stvoril vesm\u00edr. Stvoril n\u00e1s. Dal n\u00e1m \u017eivot. Vd\u00fdchol do n\u00e1s vzduch, ktor\u00fd d\u00fdchame. V\u0161ade okolo vidie\u0165 jeho majest\u00e1tnos\u0165 a\u00a0jeho \u0161tedros\u0165: slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo, zlato z\u00a0kame\u0148a, zelen\u00e1 farba listov, spev vt\u00e1kov. Toto c\u00edtime, ke\u010f si ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 pri rannej modlitbe \u010d\u00edtame \u017ealmy o\u00a0ve\u013ekom stvoren\u00ed. Svet je gal\u00e9ria \u00a0a\u00a0umeleck\u00e9 diela Boha s\u00fa pr\u00edtomn\u00e9 v\u0161ade.<\/p>\n

Ak vn\u00edmate, \u017ee \u017eivot v\u00e1m bol darovan\u00fd, potvrd\u00edte to t\u00fdm, \u017ee nie\u010do z toho d\u00e1te sp\u00e4\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ak v\u0161ak \u017eivot nebol darovan\u00fd, preto\u017ee neexistuje \u017eiadny Darca<\/em>, ak <\/em>vesm\u00edr vznikol len kv\u00f4li n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m v kvantovom poli, ak vo vesm\u00edre nejestvuje ni\u010d, \u010do si uvedomuje na\u0161u existenciu, ak je \u013eudsk\u00e9 telo len re\u0165azcom p\u00edsmen genetick\u00e9ho k\u00f3du a \u013eudsk\u00e1 myse\u013e len elektrick\u00fdmi impulzmi v mozgu, ak je na\u0161e mor\u00e1lne presved\u010denie len prostriedkom vlastnej sebaz\u00e1chovy a na\u0161e duchovn\u00e9 t\u00fa\u017eby p\u00fahymi bludmi, tak je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 c\u00edti\u0165 v\u010fa\u010dnos\u0165 za dar \u017eivota. \u017diadny dar neexistuje bez darcu. Existuje len rad bezv\u00fdznamn\u00fdch n\u00e1hod, a v\u010fa\u010dnos\u0165 za n\u00e1hodu asi nec\u00edtime.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3ra n\u00e1m komunikuje nie\u010do jednoduch\u00e9 a praktick\u00e9. Daruj, a\u00a0bude\u0161 vn\u00edma\u0165 \u017eivot ako dar.\u00a0Nemus\u00ed\u0161 dokazova\u0165, \u017ee Boh existuje. Sta\u010d\u00ed, ak bude\u0161 v\u010fa\u010dn\u00fd za to, \u017ee existuje\u0161 ty s\u00e1m – a\u00a0ostatn\u00e9 pr\u00edde<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Tak\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom sa Boh pribl\u00ed\u017eil Izraelitom prostredn\u00edctvom stavby sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nku. Ne\u0161lo o kvalitu dreva a kovu a z\u00e1vesov. Ani o lesk drahokamov na n\u00e1prsn\u00edku ve\u013ek\u0148aza. Ani o kr\u00e1su architekt\u00fary, \u010di v\u00f4\u0148u obet\u00ed. I\u0161lo o\u00a0to, \u017ee sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok bol postaven\u00fd z darov \u201eka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kto mi ich\u00a0chce da\u0165 dobrovo\u013ene\u201c (2. kniha Moj\u017ei\u0161ova, 25:2).\u00a0Bo\u017eia pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 je tam, kde sa \u013eudia navz\u00e1jom dobrovo\u013ene obdar\u00favaj\u00fa a\u00a0prispievaj\u00fa na to, \u010do je sv\u00e4t\u00e9<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Odtia\u013e pramen\u00ed to zvl\u00e1\u0161tne slovo, po ktorom je pomenovan\u00e1 tohtot\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 T\u00f3ry: Teruma<\/em>. Ja som ho prelo\u017eil ako \u201epr\u00edspevok\u201c, hoci v skuto\u010dnosti m\u00e1 nepatrne odli\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdznam, pre ktor\u00fd nejestvuje\u00a0\u017eiadny jednoduch\u00fd anglick\u00fd\u00a0(\u010di slovensk\u00fd, poz. prekl.)\u00a0ekvivalent. Znamen\u00e1 \u201enie\u010do, \u010do pozdvihujete\u201c t\u00fdm, \u017ee to venujete na sv\u00e4t\u00fa vec.\u00a0Pozdvihnete to a\u00a0ono to pozdvihne v\u00e1s<\/em>. Najlep\u0161\u00ed sp\u00f4sob dosahovania duchovn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161in je jednoducho darova\u0165 z v\u010fa\u010dnosti za to, \u010do bolo dopriate a\u00a0dan\u00e9 v\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Boh ne\u017eije v dome z kame\u0148a. \u017dije v srdciach t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed d\u00e1vaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

\n

Foto: Flickr, Montse PB<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(preklad \u010dl\u00e1nku rab\u00edna Jonathan-a Sacks-a: The Gift of Giving) Bol to prv\u00fd sv\u00e4tost\u00e1nok Izraelitov, prv\u00fd dom, ktor\u00fd \u017eidia vytvorili pre Boha. Samotn\u00e1 my\u0161lienka je pln\u00e1 paradoxov, a\u017e rozporov. Ako m\u00f4\u017ee niekto postavi\u0165 dom pre Boha? Ten je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u010doko\u013evek, \u010do si vieme predstavi\u0165, nieto e\u0161te, \u010do dok\u00e1\u017eeme postavi\u0165. Kr\u00e1\u013e \u0160alam\u00fan tento bod vyzdvihol, ke\u010f… \u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac »Dar darovania<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-83","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blessings"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":100,"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83\/revisions\/100"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.clovek.sk\/sk_sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}